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Final
version of ‘Sound practices to strengthen the resilience of the US financial
system’ published.
The
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Office of the Comptroller
of the Currency, and the Securities and Exchange Commission have issued the
final version of ‘Sound practices to strengthen the resilience of the US
financial system’.
This
is an updated version of a draft paper that was issued in September 2002 for
consultation. The agencies have incorporated many of the suggestions that were
made and the final paper, which applies most directly to the clearing and
settlement activities of a limited number of financial institutions, provides
more flexibility to firms in managing geographic dispersion of backup facilities
and staffing arrangements than was in the much more prescriptive draft version.
The final paper also takes into account other considerations relevant to
cost-effective implementation of sound business continuity practices.
INTRODUCTION
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision was established by the central bank
Governors of the G10 (Group of Ten) countries at the end of 1974. In 1988, the
Basel Committee decided to introduce a capital measurement system, normally
referred to as the Basel Capital Accord. This forced banks in G10 member
countries to implement a credit risk measurement framework, an approach that has
also been taken up in virtually all other countries.
In June 1999, the Basel Committee decided that the 1988 Accord needed replacing
with an updated version. This is currently under development and is commonly
called the Second Basel Accord, or Basel II. This consists of 'three pillars':
* Minimum capital requirements, which will update and refine the rules set out
in the 1988 Accord;
* Supervisory review of an institution's internal assessment process and capital
adequacy; and
* Effective use of disclosure to strengthen market discipline as a complement to
supervisory efforts.
The initial Basel Capital Accord only took financial risks into account; Basel
II will ensure that banks evaluate and measure other forms of risk, including
operational risk. Banks will have to make capital provision to effectively act
as a contingency fund, to cover the direct and indirect losses that emergent
operational risks could cause.
The Basel Committee intends to finalise the new Capital Accord in the fourth
quarter of 2003, allowing for implementation of the new framework in each G10
country by the end of 2006. (Source: Basel Committee)
The
Turnbull Report is the abbreviated name given to guidance provided by The
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales to enable UK companies
to implement the internal controls required by the Combined Code on Corporate
Governance. The full title of the Turnbull Report is 'Internal Control: Guidance
for Directors on the Combined Code.' The guidance is supported and endorsed by
the London Stock Exchange.
According
to ICAEW the guidance "indicates the company's internal control system
should:
* be embedded within its operations and not be treated as a separate exercise;
* be able to respond to changing risks within and outside the company; and
* enable each company to apply it in an appropriate manner related to its key
risks."
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